All lateral-tract MGC neurons targeted the column, a small region within the superior intermediate neuropil. We used mass staining, calcium imaging, and intracellular recording/staining to characterize the morphological and physiological properties of these neurons in the noctuid moth, Helicoverpa armigera. The MGC-neurons of the lateral tract are least described and their functional significance is mainly unknown. Output neurons from this region project along three parallel pathways, the medial, mediolateral, and lateral tracts.
The male-specific macroglomerular complex (MGC) in the moth antennal lobe contains circuitry dedicated to pheromone processing. The tracking distance can be up to 1 km, which makes it essential that male moths respond efficiently and reliably to very few pheromone molecules. One example is flying moths tracking minute amounts of pheromones using olfactory circuits.
Even though insects have comparably small brains, they achieve astoundingly complex behaviors.
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